A Perl module to generate Factur-X / ZUGFeRD-compliant PDF/A-3 invoices (Franco-German hybrid PDF + XML standard, aligned with European Norm EN 16931).
Un module Perl pour générer des factures PDF/A-3 conformes Factur-X / ZUGFeRD (norme franco-allemande hybride PDF + XML, alignée sur la norme européenne EN 16931).
- What is Factur-X / Qu'est-ce que Factur-X
- Profiles / Profils
- Installation
- Usage
- Validators / Validateurs
- Roadmap
- License / Licence
- Credits / Crédits
Factur-X is the joint Franco-German standard for hybrid electronic invoicing, jointly published by:
- FNFE-MPE (Forum National de la Facture Electronique et des Marchés Publics Electroniques) in France
- FeRD (Forum elektronische Rechnung Deutschland) in Germany, where the same format is also known as ZUGFeRD (since version 2.1, ZUGFeRD and Factur-X are technically identical)
A Factur-X document is a single PDF/A-3 file containing two payloads:
- A human-readable PDF rendering of the invoice (any visual layout)
- A structured XML payload following the UN/CEFACT Cross Industry
Invoice (CII) syntax, attached to the PDF as an associated file
(
AFRelationship = /Data)
Factur-X is the reference format for the French B2B e-invoicing reform mandated by article 153 of the 2020 amended finance law (Loi de finances rectificative pour 2020), with mandatory rollout from 2026 to 2027. It is also widely deployed in Germany alongside XRechnung (the public-sector profile) for B2G and B2B exchanges.
Factur-X est la norme franco-allemande de facturation électronique hybride, co-publiée par :
- FNFE-MPE (Forum National de la Facture Electronique et des Marchés Publics Electroniques) côté français
- FeRD (Forum elektronische Rechnung Deutschland) côté allemand, où ce même format est appelé ZUGFeRD (depuis la version 2.1, ZUGFeRD et Factur-X sont techniquement identiques)
Un document Factur-X est un fichier PDF/A-3 unique contenant deux charges utiles :
- Un rendu PDF lisible par l'humain de la facture (toute mise en page)
- Une charge XML structurée conforme à la syntaxe UN/CEFACT Cross
Industry Invoice (CII), attachée au PDF en tant que fichier associé
(
AFRelationship = /Data)
Factur-X est le format de référence pour la réforme française de la facturation électronique B2B prévue par l'article 153 de la loi de finances rectificative pour 2020, avec déploiement obligatoire entre 2026 et 2027. Il est également largement déployé en Allemagne aux côtés de XRechnung (profil secteur public) pour les échanges B2G et B2B.
Factur-X 1.0.8 defines five conformance profiles. This module supports the first four (the most widely used). EXTENDED is on the roadmap.
| Profile | Lines | Tax breakdown | Payment | EN 16931 compliant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
minimum |
no | no | no | no |
basicwl |
no | yes | yes | yes* |
basic |
yes | yes | yes | yes |
en16931 |
yes | yes | yes | yes |
extended |
— | — | — | — |
* "WL" = Without Lines: header data only with VAT recap.
- Perl 5.20+
-
Ghostscript 10.x or later (system binary, in
PATH) - C library libxml2 (used by
XML::LibXML)
# Ubuntu / Debian
sudo apt-get install ghostscript libxml2-dev
# macOS (Homebrew)
brew install ghostscript libxml2cpanm PDF::FacturXgit clone https://github.com/huguesmax/PDF-FacturX.git
cd PDF-FacturX
cpanm --installdeps .
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make installuse PDF::FacturX qw(generate);
my ($ok, $msg) = generate(
pdf_in => 'invoice-source.pdf', # any visual PDF
pdf_out => 'invoice-facturx.pdf', # PDF/A-3 with XML attached
profile => 'en16931',
invoice => {
number => 'FA-2026-0042',
date => '2026-04-19',
due_date => '2026-05-19',
currency => 'EUR',
seller => {
name => 'Acme SARL',
siret => '12345678901234',
vat => 'FR12345678901',
address_1 => '1 rue de la Paix',
postcode => '75001',
city => 'Paris',
country => 'FR',
},
buyer => {
name => 'Kunde GmbH',
address_1 => 'Hauptstrasse 1',
postcode => '10115',
city => 'Berlin',
country => 'DE',
},
lines => [
{ name => 'Consulting', qty => 8, unit_price => 125,
vat_rate => 20, vat_cat => 'S' },
],
payment => {
terms => 'Net 30',
iban => 'FR7612345678901234567890123',
bic => 'BNPAFRPP',
},
},
title => 'Invoice FA-2026-0042',
author => 'Acme SARL',
);
die "Factur-X generation failed: $msg" unless $ok;Identique à l'exemple ci-dessus. Les messages d'erreur émis par la validation interne sont en français.
# Just build the XML (no PDF embedding)
use PDF::FacturX::XML qw(build_xml validate_xml);
my $xml = build_xml(\%invoice, 'basic');
my ($ok, $msg) = validate_xml($xml, 'basic');
# Just embed an existing XML into a PDF/A-3
use PDF::FacturX::Embed qw(embed_xml_pdfa3);
embed_xml_pdfa3(
pdf_in => 'src.pdf',
xml => $xml_string,
pdf_out => 'out.pdf',
profile => 'basic',
);| Field / Champ | Type | Required / Requis | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
number |
string | yes | invoice number |
date |
string | yes | ISO YYYY-MM-DD
|
due_date |
string | no | ISO YYYY-MM-DD
|
currency |
string | no (default EUR) |
ISO 4217, three uppercase letters |
type_code |
int | no (default 380) |
380 = invoice, 381 = credit note |
notes |
string | no | free text |
seller.name |
string | yes | |
seller.siret |
string | no | French SIRET (14 digits), schemeID 0002
|
seller.vat |
string | no | EU VAT number (BTW/TVA/IVA/USt-IdNr.) |
seller.address_* |
string | no | |
buyer.name |
string | yes | |
buyer.address_* |
string | no | |
lines[].name |
string | yes (basic, en16931) | |
lines[].qty |
number | yes (basic, en16931) | |
lines[].unit_price |
number | yes (basic, en16931) | |
lines[].vat_rate |
number | yes (basic, en16931) | percent, e.g. 20, 5.5
|
lines[].vat_cat |
string | no (default S) |
one of S Z E AE K G L M O
|
lines[].vat_exemption_reason |
string | no | per-line override |
vat_exemption_reason |
string | no | global default reason |
allowances[] |
array | no | global discounts/charges |
payment.terms |
string | no | free text |
payment.iban |
string | no | SEPA credit transfer (IBAN) |
payment.bic |
string | no | SWIFT/BIC — en16931 only (BT-86) |
VAT categories (codes UNTDID 5305):
-
S— standard rate -
Z— zero rate -
E— exempt -
AE— reverse charge (autoliquidation) -
K— VAT exempt for intra-community supplies -
G— exempt for export outside EU -
L— IGIC (Canary Islands) -
M— IPSI (Ceuta/Melilla) -
O— services outside scope of tax
After generating a Factur-X PDF, validate it with one of the official validators:
- FNFE-MPE online validator — https://services.fnfe-mpe.org/ (free, accepts a PDF upload, returns conformance report)
- Mustang CLI (Java) — https://www.mustangproject.org/ (offline validator, fully open source)
- ZUGFeRD-Community Validator — https://www.usegroup.de/zugferdcommunity/
- EXTENDED profile support
- XRechnung profile (German B2G CIUS)
- Optional Mustang CLI integration in CI
- Programmatic Factur-X PDF parsing (extract attached XML + metadata)
- Native English error messages (currently French)
This software is copyright (c) 2026 by huguesmax.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself: the Artistic License 2.0.
See LICENSE for the full text.
Ce logiciel est sous copyright (c) 2026 huguesmax. Il est distribué
sous les mêmes termes que Perl 5 lui-même : licence
Artistic 2.0. Voir le
fichier LICENSE pour le texte complet.
PDF::FacturX is maintained by huguesmax at
Softalys — a software studio based in USA/France
specializing in invoicing, document automation, and Perl-based business
systems.
If you need help integrating Factur-X / ZUGFeRD into your workflow, custom profile support (EXTENDED, XRechnung, sector-specific CIUS), end-to-end consulting on the French e-invoicing reform (2026-2027), or just a sanity-check on a tricky invoice, feel free to reach out:
The module is and will remain free and open source — paid support is for those who want a guaranteed turnaround or hands-on help.
PDF::FacturX est maintenu par huguesmax au sein de
Softalys — un studio logiciel basé aux USA/France
spécialisé dans la facturation, l'automatisation documentaire et les
systèmes de gestion en Perl.
Pour toute aide à l'intégration de Factur-X / ZUGFeRD dans votre flux de travail, un support sur les profils personnalisés (EXTENDED, XRechnung, CIUS sectoriels), du conseil de bout en bout sur la réforme française de la facturation électronique (2026-2027), ou simplement une relecture d'une facture qui pose problème, n'hésitez pas à nous contacter :
Le module est et restera libre et open source — le support payant est pour les besoins de garantie de délai ou d'accompagnement direct.
-
XSD schemas bundled in
share/xsd/are sourced from akretion/factur-x (MIT License), aligned with the FNFE-MPE / FeRD official publication of Factur-X 1.0.8. -
Bundled sRGB ICC profile (
share/icc/sRGB.icc) is thedefault_rgb.iccfrom Artifex Ghostscript, Apache License 2.0. - Heavy lifting by Ghostscript (PDF/A-3 conversion) and PDF::Builder (final XMP metadata stream).
See NOTICE for full attributions.