Foolbox is a Python library that lets you easily run adversarial attacks against machine learning models like deep neural networks. It is built on top of EagerPy and works natively with models in PyTorch, TensorFlow, and JAX.

Foolbox 3 has been rewritten from scratch using EagerPy instead of NumPy to achieve native performance on models developed in PyTorch, TensorFlow and JAX, all with one code base without code duplication.

• Native Performance: Foolbox 3 is built on top of EagerPy and runs natively in PyTorch, TensorFlow, and JAX and comes with real batch support.
• State-of-the-art attacks: Foolbox provides a large collection of state-of-the-art gradient-based and decision-based adversarial attacks.
• Type Checking: Catch bugs before running your code thanks to extensive type annotations in Foolbox.

• Guide: The best place to get started with Foolbox is the official guide.
• Tutorial: If you are looking for a tutorial, check out this Jupyter notebook .
• Documentation: The API documentation can be found on ReadTheDocs.

pip install foolbox

Foolbox is tested with Python 3.8 and newer - however, it will most likely also work with version 3.6 - 3.8. To use it with PyTorch, TensorFlow, or JAX, the respective framework needs to be installed separately. These frameworks are not declared as dependencies because not everyone wants to use and thus install all of them and because some of these packages have different builds for different architectures and CUDA versions. Besides that, all essential dependencies are automatically installed.

You can see the versions we currently use for testing in the Compatibility section below, but newer versions are in general expected to work.

import foolbox as fb

model = ...
fmodel = fb.PyTorchModel(model, bounds=(0, 1))

attack = fb.attacks.LinfPGD()
epsilons = [0.0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0]
_, advs, success = attack(fmodel, images, labels, epsilons=epsilons)

More examples can be found in the examples folder, e.g. a full ResNet-18 example.

If you use Foolbox for your work, please cite our JOSS paper on Foolbox Native (i.e., Foolbox 3.0) and our ICML workshop paper on Foolbox using the following BibTeX entries:

@article{rauber2017foolboxnative,
  doi = {10.21105/joss.02607},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02607},
  year = {2020},
  publisher = {The Open Journal},
  volume = {5},
  number = {53},
  pages = {2607},
  author = {Jonas Rauber and Roland Zimmermann and Matthias Bethge and Wieland Brendel},
  title = {Foolbox Native: Fast adversarial attacks to benchmark the robustness of machine learning models in PyTorch, TensorFlow, and JAX},
  journal = {Journal of Open Source Software}
}

@inproceedings{rauber2017foolbox,
  title={Foolbox: A Python toolbox to benchmark the robustness of machine learning models},
  author={Rauber, Jonas and Brendel, Wieland and Bethge, Matthias},
  booktitle={Reliable Machine Learning in the Wild Workshop, 34th International Conference on Machine Learning},
  year={2017},
  url={http://arxiv.org/abs/1707.04131},
}

We welcome contributions of all kind, please have a look at our development guidelines. In particular, you are invited to contribute new adversarial attacks. If you would like to help, you can also have a look at the issues that are marked with contributions welcome.

If you have a question or need help, feel free to open an issue on GitHub. Once GitHub Discussions becomes publicly available, we will switch to that.

Foolbox 3.0 is much faster than Foolbox 1 and 2. A basic performance comparison can be found in the performance folder.

We currently test with the following versions:

• PyTorch 1.10.1
• TensorFlow 2.6.3
• JAX 0.2.517
• NumPy 1.18.1