Suomilog
Suomilog is a toolkit for parsing context-free grammars that have embedded morphological information. It's intended use is parsing Finnish sentences and it includes a module that can parse and generate inflected Finnish sentences using libvoikko as back-end.
Context-free grammars
The suomilog.patternparser module is used for parsing context-free grammars.
Suomilog grammars are context-free grammars that have additional morphological information. Below is an example.
.FEATURE ::= .HUMAN{omanto} nimi{$}
.FEATURE ::= .HUMAN{omanto} ikä{$}
.HUMAN ::= mies{$}
.HUMAN ::= nainen{$}
.HUMAN ::= ihminen{$}
.HUMAN ::= .ADJECTIVE{$} .HUMAN{$}
.ADJECTIVE ::= ahkera{$}
.ADJECTIVE ::= kaunis{$}
.ADJECTIVE ::= erittäin .ADJECTIVE{$}
In Suomilog grammars nonterminals are marked with a dot and all other symbols are terminals.
Morphological information is written in braces after a symbol.
For example kaunis{omanto} would match the word kauniin.
A dollar $ means that the morphological information is passed forward.
So .HUMAN{omanto} for example mathes miehen, naisen, ihmisen, ahkeran miehen, and so on.
The braces can contain multiple form names separated with commas. For example, tehdä{-minen,omanto} would match tekemisen.
In code these form names are called "bits".
For example usage, see the examples/ folder.
Finnish morphology
The suomilog.finnish module contains tools for Finnish morphological parsing and generation.
It uses libvoikko as its back-end.
Supported forms are at least (there can be others as some are directly from Voikko's format and not all supported by Voikko are listed here):
| Bit name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| nimento | nominative case | kissa |
| omanto | genitive case | kissan |
| osanto | partitive case | kissaa |
| olento | essive case | kissana |
| tulento | translative case | kissaksi |
| ulkotulento | allative case | kissalle |
| ulkoolento | adessive case | kissalla |
| ulkoeronto | ablative case | kissalta |
| sisatulento | illative case | kissaan |
| sisaolento | inessive case | kissassa |
| sisaeronto | elative case | kissasta |
| vajanto | abessive case | kissatta |
| keinonto | instructive case | kissoin |
| seuranto | comiitative case | kissoineni |
| kerrontosti | adverb | kauniisti |
| yksikkö | singular | kissa |
| monikko | plural | kissat |
| nimisana | noun | kissa |
| laatusana | adjective | kaunis |
| teonsana | verb | nähdä |
| lukusana | numeral | kaksi |
| -minen | MINEN-infinitive | näkeminen |
| -ma | MA-infinitive | näkemä |
| -e | E-infinitive | nähden |
| -a | A-infinitive | nähdä |
| imperatiivi | imperative | näe |
| indikatiivi | indicative | näet |
| konditionaali | conditional | näkisit |
| potentiaali | potential | nähnet |
| 1 | first person | näen |
| 2 | second person | näet |
| 3 | third person | näkee |
The function suomilog.finnish.tokenize(text) is used to tokenize words:
import suomilog.finnish as f
print(f.tokenize("kissa käveli kadulla"))
# [Token('kissa', [('kissa', {'nimento', 'yksikkö', 'nimisana'})]), Token('käveli', [('kävellä', {'3', 'teonsana', 'yksikkö', 'indikatiivi'})]), Token('kadulla', [('katu', {'ulkoolento', 'yksikkö', 'nimisana'})])]
The function suomilog.finnish.inflect(word, case, plural) is used to inflect nouns, adjectives and numerals:
import suomilog.finnish as f
print(f.inflect("kissa", "osanto", True)) # kissoja
